EN
Te Rōle Nui o te Whakauru i ngā PLC i te Ahumahi Ākene
I te whakamātautau kōpū o te whakamahinga ākene, ko te Kaitohutohu Hākinakina (PLC) te pou mātua, te roro kaha i muri i ngā māhine. Kāore ia i tēnei wā i te whakauru kē anō; he pūtake tonu ia o tēnei āhua whakamāhinga ake. Ko ngā mahinga pai he mea nui te whakauru māmā o ngā pānui kaha o te PLC, e whakawhitinga ana i te wāhi i waenganui i ngā tohutohu matatiki pūmau me ngā nekehanga hāngai. Mō ngā kaiwhakamārama o ngā whare, ngā kaiwhakamāhinga, me ngā kaiwhakamahi o ngā whare, ko te whāinga mātua: whakamāmā i ngā wā kāore he mahi, whakapakari i te whāinga, me te whakamāmā i te rere o ngā rārangi mai i te whenua o te whare ki ngā pūnaha whakamārama. Ko te whakauru i tēnei pānui PLC kua whakamāhinga kia pai, kia tino pai, te ara pai rawa atu hei whakamāhinga i tēnei rōpū o ngā māhine rerekē ki tēnei rōpū kaha, kia taea ai te whakamāhinga o ngā rārangi whakamāhinga kia whai hāngai ki ngā whāinga o te mākete, me te iti noa o ngā mahi ā-ringa.
Te Whakamārama o te Whare me te Whakarahi
He tīmatanga pai o te whakamātau i te PLC i te whakamātau i te rākau āhua. He rākau āhua tonu ngā pānui whakahaere i hanga kia whakamātau, e hāngā ana i ngā whakauru kākāriki me ngā hapa e kore e whakamātau, e whakamātau ana i ngā mahi mō ngā tau. Ko ngā whakamātau o te ao whakamātau he whakamātau āhua kōrero, ko te PLC, ngā whakauru I/O, me ngā whakauru whakawhitinga i whakamātau kia āhua kōrero, kia whakamātau kia āhua kōrero, kia whakamātau kia āhua kōrero. Ko tēnei āhua kōrero he mea tāwhai, nā te mea kāore ngā whakamātau o te mahi i te wāhi kia tāwhai. Ko tēnei āhua kōrero o te pānui whakahaere e whakamātau ai ngā whakamātau o ngā rākau hou—pērā i ngā kaitiaki hou, ngā kaitiaki mōhio, me ngā whakauru rākau IoT—kāore he whakamātau o te pūnaha katoa, kāore he whakamātau o ngā moni. Mā te whakamātau i ngā whakamātau o te hōhā, o te whakarereke o ngā tohu, me ngā whakamātau o te whakamātau i te whakamātau i te whakamātau, ka whakamātau ai ngā kaiwhakamātau kia tāwhai ai te pūnaha i ngā whakamātau o te hōhā o ngā tohu, o ngā whakamātau o te taiao, ā, he rākau āhua kōrero i ngā wāhi hāngā.
Whakamāhua i te Pakihi Tūmataitanga i te Whakamāhinga
Ko te uara tauākī matua o te whakauru i te PLC i tēnei wā he whakapāha kia mātauranga, he whakapāha hoki nui ki te pāinga o ngā mahi. I te wā e whakamahinga ana ngā mātātoko i ngā PLC āhua hou, ā, kaha tonu, ka poto ake ngā wā o te whakamātau, ā, ka whakakorehia ngā wāhi mō ngā hapa o te tangata. I ngā āhuatanga e whai ana i ngā mahi pakanga ā-hāere, ngā rorohiko, me ngā whakamātau pūtaiao pūngao, he hāngai tonu ki te wā o ngā mikorosekone hei whakamātau i te kounga o ngā hua. He whakamātau a ngā pānui whakamahi o ngā PLC āhua hou i ngā rārangi kōrero ā-hāere, ā, he whakamātau hoki i ngā tohutohu whakamātau i te wā tonu, ā, he whakamātau i te whakamārama o te whakamārama e kaha ana i te whakamārama o te whakamārama o te tangata. I waho i te kaha tonu, he whakamārama āhua hou, he whakamārama huihui ngā whakamārama o ngā raru. I te wā e whakamāhinga ana te kōrero o te sensor, i te wā e tāwhai ana te motor i tana rere o te hōhi, he kōrero raru māmā, he kōrero raru e whakamāhi ana i te HMI (Human-Machine Interface), ā, he whakamārama i ngā tīma whakamāhi kia whakamāhi ai ngā raru i ngā miniti, kāore i ngā hāora, ā, he whakamārama i te whakamārama o te whakamārama o te whakamārama o te whakamārama.
Te Whakauru Raraunga me ngā Paerewa Ahumahi
I roto i te wā tere o te "Industry 4.0", he nui ake te mana whakahaere o te PLC i te kaiwhakahaere noa; he pokapū raraunga nui. Mā te whakauru i ngā PLC ki te Whakataunga Rauemi Pakihi (ERP) me ngā Pūnaha Whakahaere Hanga (MES) e āhei ai te kite i te wā tūturu i te mahi whakaputa. Mā te whakamahi i ngā kawa whakawhiti kōrero pēnei i te PROFINET, EtherCAT, OPC-UA rānei, ka taea e ngā paepae whakahaere te tuku i ngā tauine whakaputa, te whakamahinga rauemi, me ngā inenga o te pūngao ki te kapua, ki ngā tūmau pokapū rānei. Mā tēnei huarahi raraunga e huri ai te tauira tiaki mai i te urupare ki te matapae. Engari i te tatari kia pakaru tētahi wāhanga, ka taea e ngā kaimahi te tātari i ngā āhuatanga hītori mai i te PLC hei whakakapi i ngā wāhanga i mua noa iho i tō rātou wāhi hapa e tūmanakohia ana, e tino whakaiti ana i te Utu Katoa o te Kaihoko (TCO) me te whakanui i te whai hua o Ko tēnei taumata o te mārama te mea e hiahiatia ana e ngā whare hou hei pupuri i to rātau painga whakataetae.
Tikanga Taimatanga me te Whakaaetanga Taiao
Ko te whakamāhua i ngā mahi he rākau pūmanawa, engari me wāia hei rākau haumaru. Ko tēnei āhua o te whakauru i ngā pānē o ngā kōwhiringa PLC—ko ngā wāhanga haumaru, pērā i ngā pātene whakamātua, ngā kāhui āhua, me ngā kōwhiringa PLC haumaru—kei roto i te rārangi whakahaere, he āhua matua, engari āhua kāore i tātaihia mātua. I te whakauru i ngā mahi haumaru ki te hanganga o ngā kōwhiringa PLC, ka whakamāmā i te pūnaha kia uru mai i tēnei āhua "haumaru i te hinga" mēnā he whakamātautau i tēnei rāhui, kia tiakina ngā kaimahi me ngā taputapu uara nui. I tēnei hoki, ko te whakauru i te ahua pūkenga e whai ana i ngā whakamātautau ao, pērā i te IEC 60204-1, kia whai wāhi ai te pānē whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau ao mō te whakamātautau i ngā whakamātautau pūtaiao (EMC) me te whakamātautau i te whakamāhi i te hiko. Kāore te whai wāhi i ngā whakamātautau he whakamātautau anake; he tohu kē o te pai, he tohu hoki i te hanganga o te pūnaha hei whakamāhi i te wā roa, me te whakamāhi haumaru i ngā mākete ao maha, me ngā mākete tāwhai hāngā.
Te mātauranga i te hanganga i ngā pānē me ngā whakauru
Ko te whakamāhinga mai i tēnei huarahi māmā, kāore he whakamāhinga pai, ki tēnei huarahi katoa o te whakamāhinga, he huarahi mātātini e hiahiatia ana te pūnaha pūkenga me tēnei whakaaro mātauranga pūmau mō ngā whakamārama pūhanga. I whakamāngai a BoZhi hei kaiwhakarite i tēnei pāheketanga mā te whakamātau tonu i ngā whāinga pūhanga matua o te whakamāhinga kaha. Mā te whakamātau i ngā wāhanga hou katoa i te rārangi o ngā kaiwhakarato, i ngā huarahi whakamātau, whakamātau hoki, ka whakamātua a BoZhi ngā whakatau pānui PLC ā-tātai e whakamāngai ana i ngā kaiwhakamahi kia eke ai i ngā whāinga pai rawa. Mā te whakapono ki te whakamāhinga pai o ngā rākau, te whakamāhinga pai o te whakamāhinga o te hōhā, me ngā tuhinga tātai, tātai hoki, ka whakamātua a BoZhi kia kaha ngā pānui katoa, kāore anō i te whakamāhinga anake, engari i te whakamāhinga kia tū maika, kia tū mātātini, kia tū mātātini hoki. Mā te whakamātua i ngā mātātoa e mātatau ana i ngā āhua o te whakamāhinga o ngā pānui, ka whakamātua ngā rōpū kia whakamātua tonu, e mōhiotia ana ko ngā whakamāhinga o ngā whakamāhinga he whakamāhinga o te kounga, o te whakamāhinga hoki, me te whakamāhinga kia tū mātātini.