Me pēhea e whakapai ake ai ngā panekene PLC i te whakauru ki ngā punaha whakahaere i te ahumahi?

Te mārama ki ngā Pāneli Whakahaere PLC me tā rātou tūranga ki te Whakauru Hanga

He aha te PLC Control Panel me te hokinga o rātou

Ko te panui PLC te wāhi noho matua mō tētahi kainoho tātai tukurua, e noho ana i te tino wāhi pāpaku mō ngā tautuhinga whakahaere i ngā whakahaerenga whakangao hauropi. I ngā rā o mua i ngā pūnaha rīli e hiahiatia ana ngā taura tūmata, kei te whai ngā PLC hou i ngā pūkapi tātai māmā e ārahi ai i ngā whakauru mai i ngā kaiwhakauru, e whakatau mātua ai i ngā whakataunga tātai, kātā ka whakawhiwhia ngā whakahau ki ngā wāhanga hinonga. Hei tauira, te whakahaerenga o tētahi toa huinga wai. Kei konei, kei te whirihaua haere ngā PLC i te tere o ngā tapa kawe i te tata ki te maha o ngā huinga e eke mai ana ia miniti, kia tū tonu ai te rite o te wai e kumea ana ki roto i ngā kōwhai. Ko te mea e whai wāhi nui ana i ēnei pūnaha ko te āhua māmā ki te whakaiti i ngā tauranga taura tātai hui tātai, ā, māmā hoki ki te whakarerekē ina hiahiatia ngā rārangi whakaputa. E mōhiotia ana e te maha o ngā kaihanga ka taea e rātou te whakauru i ngā rārangi hua hou i roto i ngā rā iti noa i te wā e hiahiatia ai te marama.

Ngā Kōpuna Kaihono me te Tōtika o te Pani Rite Whakahaere PLC

Ko ngā pani whakahaere PLC hou he whakauru ki ngā kōpuna matua:

• Hoko Hiko : Hurihia te Taura AC ki te DC kaha kia pai ai te whakahaere PLC.
• Ngā Kāwai I/O : Whakawhitinga ki ngā kaiwhakaatu (urupare) me ngā kaiwhakamahi (putanga), hurihia ngā waitohu hauora ki ngā whakahau matarohia.
• Ngā Whakawhitinga Whakawhitinga : Whakauru atu ki ngā tikanga pērā i te EtherCAT, i te Modbus rānei kia wātea ai te whakauru i waenganui i ngā taputapu.
• Te Whakawhitinga Tangata me te Mātāpuna (HMI) : Whakarato ki ngā kaiwhakahaere i ngā whakamatautau me te whakahaere i te wā tonu e whakamahi ana i ngā paninga tātata.

Ko ngā kōpuna whakamarumaru e tiaki i ēnei kōpuna mai i te kōngu, te wai, me ngā aitua autō, kia tiakina ai te mahi pai i ngā taiao uaua pērā i ngā toa huinga rānei, ngā whare hauhautanga rānei.

Ko te whai wāhi ki ngā Kaitirotiro, Ngā Kaitoko, me ngā Kaitiaki I/O

Ko ngā Kaitirotiro Rarangihia e huihui ana i ngā mōhio e hāngai ana ki te mātāpuna mai i ngā kaitirotiro rereke pērā i ngā pūkoro wāhi mātāpuna, kātahi ka tuku atu i ngā tohu ki ētahi atu wāhanga pērā ki ngā tātari totohu me ngā taraiwa inu. Whakawhitinga hau hāngai ki te tauira. Ko te PLC e mātā atu ana ki te aha e kī ana te tātari wāhi mātāpuna, kātahi ka neke i ērā kaitirotiro tātari kia tū tonu ia wāhi ki te tika wāhi mātāpuna. Āwhina ai ēnei aratau matihi me te mātāpuna kia huri i ngā tohu ki te ara kotahatia. E māmā ai i te tāhuma o mua te mahi tahi me ngā mea hōu kāore hoki e hiahiatia ana te whakarewa anō i te tātari, te tāhuma rānei. Ko te nuinga o ngā wāhi e kitea ana e te whānau tēnei he āwhina ina whakapai ake i ētahi wāhanga o tā rātou punaha.

Ko te pānga a PLC ki te Hoahoa Pūnaha Hāngai me te Māmātanga

Kua whakawhitinga i te nuinga o te hākinakina o ngā umanga te whakawhitinga ki ngā paparorohiko PLC, i te wehenga i ngā tautohe tawhito ki te hāngai ki te pāpaku ki te kaha ake ki te whakarereke i ngā pūmahara. Ina hiahia ngā kamupene ki te whakauru i ngā hua hou, he māmā noa iho te whakahōu i te rāwekenga kaua ko te whakawhitinga i ngā pūnaha katoa mō te rewiring. Ko ētahi rangahau hou ka whakaatu i ngā hua hoki - he toru hui ake te iti i te tata ki te kawenga ina hurihia ana i waenganui i ngā whakahaerenga huihuinga. Ko tēnei momo whakauru e whai pānga ana ki ngā kaihanga i roto i ngā tāone katoa tae atu ki ngā kaihanga waka waka me te kaihanga hokohoko waihanga hoki me whakauru tonu ki ngā here o te maakete.

Whakapai ake i te Whakauru, te Tika, me te Whai Hua ki te Whakaputa

Ko ngā panekare tōrahi PLC hei tātai whakahaere mō te whakapai ake i ngā mahi taputapu, ka whakapai ake i ngā mahi tukatuka hauhautia hauhautia me ngā whakarereketanga i te wā poto. Mā te whakakapi i te whakahaere ā-ringa ki ngā tukutuku tōrahi, ka wehea te rerekētanga o ngā wā whakaputa i te wā kotahi ka tiakina hoki ngā whakaaetanga o te rahi o te mīkirona.

Me pēhea ngā Panekare Tōrahi PLC Whakapai ake i te Tika me te Tōrōtia o ngā Mahi

Ina whakahaeretia ngā tukanga hāngai ki te whakamahi i ngā pūnaha PLC, kei te noho tonu rātou ki roto i te 0.05% o te aha tāpiri, pērā i te āhuā o te wāhi me te pēhi. Ko te Pūrongo a Matomato i te tau 2023 e whakapumau ana i ēnei korero ki te tāpure tūhono. Kei te whakamahi ēnei pūnaha i ngā ture whakahaere tākarotia ka taea ai te whakauru i ngā tere o ngā inuhi, te whakatika i ngā tūranga o ngā tātete ki te taumata o te mīkaro, ā, ko te āhua kotahi o ngā hua i te wā o te whakaputa. Ko te tauira ko ngā rāhui whakaputanga motukā i konei ka whakamahia ngā taputapu tāngata ki te whakaputu i te kaha, ā, kua whakapumaua te āhua o te 99.8%. Ko te nuinga o ngā whare whakaputa e mōhio ana ki te iti iho o ngā utu e $18,000 tāra i ia marama mō ia wāhi whakaputa, ā, ko te nuinga o ngā utu whakahaere kei te iti haere ki te wā roa.

Te iti iho i te wā kāore i te mahi me te hapa tangata trūna i te whakahaere aunoa

Ko ngā pūnaha PLC e pakaru ai ngā raru o ngā taputapu i te wā e 12 neke atu i te tere ake i te taea e ngā tāngata te kite, arā, ka tere ake hoki ngā whakatika. Kua ripoata ētahi whare tapohia kua heke te wā whakatika tata ki te whārua i muri i te whakauru i ngā pūnaha ki ngā ratonga tapanga. Ki te tūmanako ana ki te haumaru, he nui ngā panonitanga ake i ngā taputapu herehere me ngā āhua whakawātea raru. Kua heke te raru kounga i te hawhe tata te kaihanga kotahi i muri i te heke o ngā hapa i mua i te mahi ā-ringa. Ki ngā kaihautū kai, he nui rawa te pānga. Mai i te tau rua ki muri o 2022, kua heke te maha o ngā take kaua i te 85 ki te 90 ōrau ngā whare tapohia kua whakamahia ngā huringa whakamātua PLC i ngā wā katoa i mua i te whakatū i ngā tikanga horoi ki ngā wātā ōrite me ngā wāhi.

Te Whakarahinga me ngā Whiwhinga Mahi ki te Whakaputa Pakanga Nui

Ko te āhua takitahi o ngā punaha PLC hou kia āwhina i ngā kaihanga e toru te rahinga o rātou whakauru I/O, kāore hoki e hiahiatia te whakakapi i ngā wāhanga matua. Mō ngā kaihanga wāhanga waka mō ngā wāhanga EV, ko te āhua o te āwhāwhātanga e āwhina i a rātou kia hōrapa ake i te 200% i roto i ngā rua marama. Ko tēnei he nuinga ake i te huringa i ngā punaha tātaku ake o mua i hiahiatia ai te rite ki te rima marama mō ngā hua anō. Ki te kōrero mō ngā PLC tere kei te rere ki te 10k whakaritenga ia mātātu, kei te āwhina i ngā tohunga hanga i te tau e 22% te whai ake i te putanga ina tāwhaihia ana i te tika o ngā tikanga e 10 nanometers. Ko te takotoranga o te tere me te tika ko te mea e uaua ai ēnei punaha ki ngā taiao huihuinga kaha o nāianei.

Te Whare Pūnaha me te Whāwhātanga o ngā Punaha PLC

Te Whirinakitanga Hoahoa Mā te Whakamahi i ngā Wāhanga PLC Takitahi

Ko ngā panekare tāutu PLC tāutuwha he whirinakitanga mā ngā kaihanga i te whakaturanga i ā rātou pūnaha whakauru, mai i te mea ka taea e rātou te whakakotahi i ngā wāhanga rereke pērā i ngā kaha, ngā wāhanga in-put/out-put, me ngā tikanga whakawhitinga kōrero rerekē. Kāore ngā whare huihuinga e hiahiatia ana kia huri katoa i ā rātou whakaturanga ia wā ka hiahia rātou ki te whakarahi i ngā wherawhera. Ka taea anō hoki e rātou te tāpiri i ngā mea pērā i ngā kaiwhakahaere nekeneke mō ngā tono rōbohi, i ngā wāhanga anōrama e āwhina ana i te inenga tika ake. Ko ngā ripoata a te ahumoni e whakaatu ana ko te maakete mō ēnei PLC tāutuwha ka whanake nui ka eke ki te $3.01 piriona tērā pea i te tau 2029. He aronga tōnuitia tēnei e mārama ai te nui o ngā pakihi ki te whakauru i ngā pūnaha whirinaki ana i ēnei rā, pērā i te whakauru i te motuka me te whakaputa hau. He aha te mea kei te nui ake te hira o ngā PLC tāutuwha? Nā te mea e whakaratonga ana i ētahi whai pikinga pērā i te whakahaere tere ake me te iti ake te wā e whakauru ai i te whakautu ki te āhua tāutuwha.

• Kāore he wā kore whakahaere : Ka taea te whakakapi i ngā wāhanga ngoikera māmā, kāore he whakamutunga i te whakaputa.
• Te whai rawa : Kaua e whakakapi i te punaha katoa ngā whakapai ake i ngā wā whakapai.

Te whaiwhai i ngā Papa Rite Whakahaere PLC ki ngā Punaha Hōihoi mō te Whanaketanga Āwhina

Ina tūhono ngā punaha PLC takitahi ki ngā VFD me ngā mōiona tāwhai, ka tāwhai pea te kontrole ake i te āhua rapa o ngā mōiona, te tōrere e hāngai ana, me te wāhi tū noa. Kei te pai rawa te tūhononga katoa ki ngā tikanga e hiahiatia ana kia rerekētia i te wā kotahi. Ka taea e koe te whai i ngā rārangi tapanga hei tauira i ēnei rā. Ka taea e rātou te whakaroa i te tere o ngā taputapu e neke ha ana, te whakaroa rānei i runga i ngā mea e kitea ana e ngā kaiwhakamōhiotia kei te tata. Ko tētahi atu anō hoki ko te māmā ake i te taha o te taputapu takitahi ki te aki i ngā tikanga haumaru e rerekētia ana. Ko ngā kaihangahanga he tāpiri noa i ngā takunetanga motuhake motuhake i / o rānei kaiwhakamahi pūrua ina hiahiatia ana kia tāutu ngā whitinga SIL me PL e hiahiatia ana e ngā kaihanga kia arataki.

Te Whai Mōhio i te Wā Tūturu, Te Hui i ngā Raraunga, me te Hononga Punaha

Te Whakahohe i te Whakahaerenga Tikanga Tūturu me te Tirohanga Whakahaere

Ko ngā panekireka PLC o tēnei rā e whai ana i ngā mea katoa e pa ana ki te whanaketanga pērā i ngā inenga wera, ngā taumaha, me te tere e neke ana ngā rawa ki roto i te punaha mā ngā kaiwhakauru e whakauru ana. Ko te nuinga o ngā kaimahi wharepu whakamahi i ēnei ekaranu whakahaere nui hei mātai i ngā kaupapa e āhua ana me te whirikēkē i ngā tautuhinga e hiahiatia ana, ā, he nui te take ina mea kāore e taea ngā hapa. Kua kitea e te ahumahi wafer tārua ngā hua whakamiharo mai i ēnei punaha aki katoa. Ko ngā wharepu i huri ki te whakahaere PLC mō te whakaputanga wera e whai ana i te 22% teitei ake i ngā wafer pai i whakaputua i ngā tikanga ā-ringa tawhito. He nui te rerekētanga o ēnei whakahaere ki te whakarite kia kaua e pa ngā raru utu nui ki te ara. Whakahuatia te topa hiriwa hei tauira, kei hea hoki ngā rerekētanga iti rawa i te wera e whakangaro ai ngā taputapu katoa mēnā ka tōhonoa ngā wāhi wera ki waho i te whakatakotoranga +/− 5 kia tata.

Ngā Kaupapa Kōrero Matua: Modbus, Profinet, me EtherCAT

Ko te whakahaere aki i te ahumahi e toru ngā kaupapa kōrero matua e tāwhai ana:

• Modbus TCP : Ko tētahi kaupapa e whakamahia whānui ana, e ono ki te whakauru ki ngā tono pērā i te whakarere wai.
• Profinet : Whakaratohia ngā wā hurihanga kei raro i te 100¼s, tino pai mō te whakatakoto i ngā rārangi kaihoko tere.
• EtherCAT : Whakaratohia he iti ake i te 1¼s tōkiri, nō reira he tino pai mō te arataki tika i ngā rōboti huihuinga.

Ko ēnei tātai e whakauru ai i te whakawhitinga raraunga tūhono ki runga i te ruatekau mā whā ngā takotoranga I/O kei roto i ngā wāhi hanga tini.

Kaiwhakauru Raraunga, Tirohanga Tautuhi, Arataki Whakatika Kauta

Kei te āwhina i ngā panui whakahaere PLC kia whai mōhio e pā ana ki te whakahaerenga, ā, ka whakaputua ki ngā pātengia SQL, e āwhina ai i a mātou ki te whai whakapua tātaritanga i ngā wā katoa. Ko te kapa tiaki i ēnei ka kitea he mea nui kia kitea ngā tauira kaore pea i te kitea e koutou. Hei tauira, ina ka kitea e rātou ko ngā inuā he nui ake te rerehua i te tūrangi, ka taea e rātou te whai mōhio ki ngā raru i mua i te nuinga o ngā take, ā, ka taea pea e rātou te whakatauira i ngā wa e toru ki te whitu wiki i mua i te wa. Me ngā hononga tāpua haumaru kei te wā kua wātea, kāore he huinga inuā e hiahiatia kia tū mai ki te wāhi e whai mōhio ana ki te raru pērā i te kōhao e rere ana i tōna tere tūrangi. Ko te whakakotahi i ēnei hangarau katoa ka whai pānga nui ki ā mātou whakahaerenga. I kitea e mātou he iti ake i te 30% te iti ake o ngā whakamutunga tākarotia o ngā taputapu e 30% i roto i ngā pūnaha whakahaere rāwekenga rino e pā ana ki ngā ripoata tāone mai i te tau ki muri.

Whakaponoa te Whakahaere Panel o te PLC ki ngā Taiao Hāngai Hauhake

Te Whakapae me te Whakauru Hapa ki te Tino Whakapae

Kei te hiahiatia kia mātua whakahaere i ngā papa whakahaere PLC kia mātua kāpōpō tātou i ngā wā e pēnei ai ngā āhuatanga ki waho i te mara. Kei te kōrero mātou ki ngā wāhi e rereke ana ngā whakarewa o te kaihāpene, kei te noho piri ana te hau, ā, kei te rere atu ngā tapa katoa i te āhua. Ko te nuinga o ngā kōpaki he rahi ake i te tūtohu IP54, i te wātanga ka pai ake, arā, ka taea e ia te here i te pāpaku ānd te pāpaku wai i te wā kotahi kia kaua e pā ki te pāpaku i roto i te pāpaku. Ko tēnei e nui ana te take ki ngā tāone whakangao hāngai pērā i ngā kōhanga, ngā toihau e tapahi ai i te metāra, ā, ngā toihau hauhake hurihia i ngā wā e tere ai te whakapai. E ai ki ngā raraunga hou mai i te tāone Autōmātiki Autōmātiki i te tau 2024, ko ngā toihau e whakamahi ana i ngā rārangi PLC i kite i ā rātou whakamutunga katoa e toru hui tata nei i te rite ki ngā tātai tawhito ake e whai wāhi ana ki te wai hauhake me te metāra e rere ana. He aha i te mea e pupuri ai i ēnei rārangi ko ngā āhuatanga pērā i ngā rauropi whakauru anō hoki, ā, ngā kōpae whakauru-takotoranga tere. Ina heke haere tētahi mea, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te whakakapi i ngā wāhanga kāore he whakamutunga i te katoa. Kaua ko te whirinakitanga anake tēnei e hiahiatia ana, engari he mea whakaaetia hoki ki ngā wāhi pērā i ngā kōhanga hinu me ngā pūmahara hiko i reira e utua ana ngā moni me te whai mōrearea ki te haumaru.

Mahi Roa-Ki-Te-Apiti me te Iti no te Whakahaerenga E Hiahiatia Ana

Ko ngā panekareti PLC i hangaia ki ngā taputapu whakamahana pērā i ngā kōpaki mātāpuna kaha me ngā paparanga hiko e tiaki ana ki te taumahu tāruarua e mau ana i te tau 10 ki te 15 me te iti no te whakahaere e hiahiatia ana. Ko ngā punaha aroturuki arotake e mātai ana i ngā mea pērā i ngā huringa wera me ngā rerehua o ngā taputapu kia taea e ngā kaimahi whakahaere te whakakapi i ngā wāhanga tawhito pērā i ngā pāpā hau, i mua i te wehe kē. E ai ki ngā rangahau a te umanga i tirohia ngā raraunga mai i te tau 2023 i te tata ki ngā 8,200 wāhi whakaputa, i kitea e ngā kamupene i whakamahia tēnei tikanga i heke te utu whakahaerenga i te tau ki te haurua tata ki te rahi ake i ērā e tatari ana kia pā ki ngā raru. Ko te nui o ngā tāpiripiri e whai pānga ana ki te wā me te arotake ake e ngā kaiwhakahaere wāhi e mōhiotia ana.

Ngā Pātai Tāpiri

He aha te aronga matua o te panekareti PLC?

Ko tētahi paparanga PLC te kaiwhakahaere ko te kātata o ngā pūnaha whakahaere hui, e whakamahi ana i ngā paparorohiko hei arotake i ngā tohu ururua, whakapidinga i ngā whakatau hui, me te tuku whakahau ki ngā wāhanga hinana.

Me pēhea e whakapai ake ai ngā paparanga PLC i ngā tikanga whakapai?

Whakapai ake i ngā tikanga mahi mā te whakakore i te arotake ā-ringa, te pupuri i ngā tāwhai tika, me te whakauru i te āhua māmā me te whakauru mā te whirihau paparorohiko.

He aha i pērā ai ngā pūnaha PLC takotoranga?

Ngā pūnaha PLC takotoranga e homai ana i te āhua, e whakaae ana kia whakarahia, rānei kia whakarewa hou ngā tautuhinga kāore e hiahiatia ana te whakangao anō, e mōhiotia ai te iti ake o te wā kāore he mahi me ngā utu whakatika.